Reptiles

Gunakadeit joseeae fossil

An article published in the journal “Scientific Reports” describes the identification of a new species of marine reptile classified as part of the thalassosaur order that lived in today’s Alaska over 200 million years ago, in the Norian, an age of the Triassic period. A team of researchers led by Patrick Druckenmiller of the University of Alaska Fairbanks (UAF) named it Gunakadeit joseeae after examining the fossil discovered in Alaska in 2011. The discovery of a new species offers new information on a group of reptiles that are available. few fossils for a family tree still under discussion.

A spectacled cobra (Photo Saleem Hameed)

An article published in the journal “Nature Genetics” reports the DNA sequencing of the spectacled cobra, one of the so-called “Big Four”, the four most venomous and dangerous snakes in India. A team of researchers employed a number of genetic techniques that led to the identification of 23,248 genes that encode proteins, including 12,346 genes that regulate its venom glands. The knowledge of this snake’s genome will help develop better antidotes for its deadly venom and the proteins contained in that venom could also be useful for developing various types of drugs.

Mimodactylus libanensis specimen (Image courtesy Kellner et al)

An article published in the journal “Scientific Reports” describes the identification of a new species of pterosaur that was named Mimodactylus libanensis that lived about 95 million years ago, in the Late Cretaceous period, in today’s Lebanon. A team of researchers studied a nearly complete specimen from the Hjoûla site concluding that it had significant differences compared to other pterosaurs that lived in the current Afro-Arab area and had a closer relationship with the species Haopterus gracilis, which lived in today’s China. For this reason the researchers also created a new taxonomic group that includes those genera that was named Istiodactylifomes.

New fossils of an ancient legged snake called Najash rionegrina offer new information on the evolution of snakes

An article published in the journal “Science Advances” reports the study of new fossils of a snake belonging to the species Najash rionegrina, which lived in the Cretaceous period, between 90 and 100 million years, in today’s Patagonia, Argentina. A team of researchers led by Fernando Garberoglio of the Fundación Azara at Universidad Maimónides in Buenos Aires, Argentina, subjected various fossils belonging to this species, which had well-developed limbs, to a high-resolution CT scan to obtain new information on the evolution of snakes.

Komodo dragon (Photo Midori)

An article published in the journal “Nature Ecology & Evolution” reports a complete genome sequencing of the Komodo dragon, the largest lizard existing today. A collaboration between the Gladstone Institutes, the University of California, San Francisco and the Atlanta Zoo that includes researchers from the Universities of Florence and Padua, Italy, led to the sequencing of the DNA of the species classified as Varanus komodoensis using various technologies to obtain a high quality result. This made it possible to compare that genome with that of other reptiles to understand how it has become a lethal predator with unique physiological and metabolic characteristics among reptiles.