Space probes

Ebb and Flow, the GRAIL (Gravity Recovery and Interior Laboratory) space probes, completed early their prime mission to study the Moon with great accuracy by measuring its force of gravity. In the course of 89 days, the two spacecraft recorded data on the entire lunar surface for three times using the Lunar Gravity Ranging System on board of both of them.

Mineral distribution in the southern hemisphere of the giant asteroid Vesta (Image NASA/JPL-Caltech/UCLA/INAF/MPS/DLR/IDA)

The giant asteroid Vesta can be seen as a kind of fossil from the chaotic time of the early solar system. Without the presence of Jupiter, it could have kept on attracting more small asteroids and perhaps it would’ve merged with Ceres, the dwarf planet which is the largest object in the asteroid belt.

View of Greeley Haven captured by the Mars Rover Opportunity. The shadow is caused by the solar panel (Photo NASA/JPL-Caltech)

The Mars Rover Opportunity spent the first months of 2012 in Greeley Haven, an outcrop in the area of the ​​Endeavour Crater on Mars because in the southern hemisphere because it was winter and there was the need to use much of which received little solar energy to maintain its temperature to a level sufficient to avoid damage. On May 8, 2012, Opportunity awoke from a sort of hibernation and started moving.